貓可以吃巧克力（朱古力）嗎？

貓咪巧克力中毒的症狀

• 嘔吐
• 腹瀉
• 躁動不安
• 心跳加快或不規律
• 肌肉顫抖
• 癲癇發作

資料來源

1. 1.Pet Poison Helpline — Signs of Chocolate Poisoning in Cats

   顯示引述的原文與中譯

   原文（Pet Poison Helpline）「Chocolate poses a great threat to cats just as much as it does to dogs. Just a small amount of chocolate is toxic to cats... Chocolate contains caffeine and theobromine, both of which are toxic to cats... While dark chocolate is the most toxic, white and milk chocolate are also dangerous! These chocolates may not contain high levels of theobromine and caffeine, but they have a high sugar and fat content that can make your cat sick as well. Below are common chocolate poisoning symptoms in cats: Tremors in the muscles and limbs Seizures Irregular heartbeats Agitation/restlessness Increased heart rate Vomiting Diarrhea If your cat ate chocolate and you notice these signs, seek treatment immediately... There is no safe way to induce vomiting in cats at home, so take your cat to the vet clinic as soon as possible. Depending on the dosage and when it was ingested your vet may induce vomiting and administer activated charcoal to absorb the toxins in the system. Your cat may require hydration treatment and blood or urine testing. ECGs may detect abnormal cardiac rhythms. A bland diet is advised for the following four days to relieve symptoms. Ingestion of enough theobromine may cause death if not treated quickly... If you have chocolate in your home put it away in a place where your cat cannot get to it.」

   中譯（本站翻譯）：巧克力對貓的威脅，和對狗一樣大。只要少量巧克力，就對貓有毒……巧克力含有咖啡因和可可鹼，兩者都對貓有毒……黑巧克力的毒性最強，但白巧克力和牛奶巧克力也很危險！這些巧克力的可可鹼和咖啡因含量也許不高，但糖和脂肪含量高，同樣可能讓貓生病。以下是貓巧克力中毒的常見症狀：肌肉和四肢顫抖、癲癇發作、心跳不規律、躁動不安、心跳加快、嘔吐、腹瀉。如果貓咪吃了巧克力，又出現這些症狀，請立即就醫……在家替貓催吐沒有安全的方法，所以請盡快帶貓咪到獸醫院。視吃下的劑量和時間，獸醫可能會催吐，並給予活性碳吸附體內的毒素。貓咪可能需要補充水分的治療，以及血液或尿液檢查。心電圖可以檢查出異常的心律。之後 4 天建議吃清淡的食物，以緩解症狀。吃下足夠的可可鹼，如果沒有及時治療，可能導致死亡……如果家裡有巧克力，請收在貓咪拿不到的地方。

2. 2.Merck Veterinary Manual — Chocolate Toxicosis in Animals

   顯示引述的原文與中譯

   原文（Merck Veterinary Manual）「Chocolate poisoning occurs most commonly in dogs, although many species are susceptible... White chocolate is a negligible source of methylxanthines... The oral LD 50 in dogs of both caffeine and theobromine is reportedly 100–200 mg/kg, but severe clinical signs and death may occur at much lower doses, and individual susceptibility to methylxanthines varies. In general, mild clinical signs (vomiting, diarrhea, polydipsia) may occur in dogs ingesting 20 mg/kg; cardiotoxic effects occur after ingesting 40–50 mg/kg, and seizures occur after ingesting doses ≥ 60 mg/kg... Clinical signs of chocolate toxicosis usually occur within 6–12 hours after ingestion... The high fat content of chocolate products also may trigger pancreatitis in susceptible animals... In patients that remain clinically normal, induction of emesis should be considered with recent exposures (eg, within 2 hours of chocolate ingestion)... Clinical signs may persist for up to 72 hours in severe cases... Early GI decontamination can decrease severity of clinical effects.」

   中譯（本站翻譯）：巧克力中毒最常發生在狗身上，不過許多物種都可能受影響……白巧克力的甲基黃嘌呤含量微不足道……據報告，咖啡因和可可鹼對狗的口服半數致死劑量（LD50）都是 100–200 mg/kg，但低得多的劑量就可能出現嚴重症狀甚至死亡，而且個體對甲基黃嘌呤的敏感度不同。一般來說，狗吃下 20 mg/kg 可能出現輕微症狀（嘔吐、腹瀉、多喝水）；吃下 40–50 mg/kg 會出現心臟毒性，60 mg/kg 以上會癲癇發作……巧克力中毒的症狀通常在吃下後 6–12 小時內出現……巧克力製品的高脂肪，也可能讓易感的動物引發胰臟炎……對於仍然沒有症狀的患者，如果是最近吃下的（例如吃下巧克力後 2 小時內），應考慮催吐……嚴重的病例，症狀可能持續長達 72 小時……及早清除腸胃道裡的毒物，可以減輕症狀的嚴重程度。

3. 3.ASPCA — What to Do If Your Pet Gets into Chocolate

   顯示引述的原文與中譯

   原文（ASPCA）「collect any remaining packaging from the chocolate treats to help your veterinarian... determine what type of chocolate it was and how much your dog may have ingested. Note whether the chocolates had any sort of fillings, including raisins or macadamia nuts, as they can also be toxic... Generally, the darker the chocolate, the more theobromine it will contain... White chocolate has almost no theobromine, but some dogs may be sensitive to the amount of sugar and fat and ingesting any type of chocolate may lead to inflammation of the pancreas (pancreatitis)... Cats are sensitive to theobromine just like dogs, so if a cat ingests chocolate it can be dangerous for them as well. Fortunately, cats lack sweet taste buds, so they tend to not be readily drawn to chocolate. Cats also tend to be more discerning in what they eat and are less likely to consume larger quantities of chocolate. However, if your cat does eat chocolate, it is best to follow the above recommendations as well.」

   中譯（本站翻譯）：收好剩下的巧克力包裝，幫助獸醫……判斷是哪一種巧克力，以及狗可能吃了多少。也要留意巧克力有沒有內餡，包括葡萄乾或夏威夷豆（夏威夷果仁），因為它們也可能有毒……一般來說，巧克力顏色越深，可可鹼含量越高……白巧克力幾乎不含可可鹼，但有些狗可能對其中的糖和脂肪敏感，而且吃下任何種類的巧克力，都可能引起胰臟發炎（胰臟炎）……貓和狗一樣對可可鹼敏感，所以貓吃了巧克力也可能有危險。幸好貓沒有感受甜味的味蕾，通常不太會被巧克力吸引。貓吃東西也比較挑剔，比較不會吃下大量巧克力。不過，如果貓咪真的吃了巧克力，最好也照上面的建議處理。

4. 4.ASPCA — People Foods to Avoid Feeding Your Pets

   顯示引述的原文與中譯

   原文（ASPCA）「Chocolate, coffee, and caffeine are similar in that their toxicity concerns stem from their methylxanthine concentrations (a group of compounds found in these products). When ingested by pets, methylxanthines can cause vomiting and diarrhea, panting, excessive thirst and urination, hyperactivity, abnormal heart rhythm, tremors, seizures and even death. The darker (higher cacao percentage) the chocolate, or the higher the caffeine content, the greater the risk for toxicity. White chocolate has the lowest methylxanthine content while baking chocolate and cocoa powder have the highest concentrations.」

   中譯（本站翻譯）：巧克力、咖啡和咖啡因的毒性問題相似，都來自其中的甲基黃嘌呤（這些產品中的一類化合物）。寵物吃下甲基黃嘌呤，可能出現嘔吐和腹瀉、喘氣、過度口渴和排尿、過動、心律異常、顫抖、癲癇發作，甚至死亡。巧克力顏色越深（可可含量越高），或咖啡因含量越高，中毒的風險就越大。白巧克力的甲基黃嘌呤含量最低，烘焙用巧克力和可可粉最高。

來源怎麼挑選：研究方法（英文）。發現錯誤？請寄信到 hello@meowledge.app。